I don't see an advantage compared to double sided tape. In fact, the CA technique will leave glue residue on one surface which will eventually ruin the surface.

Yes, this technique made double-sided tape all but redundant in my shop. Cheap and one less type of tape to buy and keep track of.

In repair this is very useful for attaching things like routing templates and drill guides to delicate finished surfaces like guitar sides - you can use your favourite lower tack tape and still get sufficient holding power. I use it to handplane wedges to zero thickness at one end for fretboard extension shims during resets, or to make custom neck shims for Fender-style guitars. The easy removal means less chance of damaging the paper-thin end of the wedge.

In building I like using the technique so thin stock can be securely held to a backer board and sent through the planer or have some other machining operation performed.

Yes, you could use double stick tape for many of the same purposes but I’ve never found one that is as fast, gentle and residue free to remove - and the masking tape and CA is always at hand on the bench. With double stick tapes I found myself resorting to wicking naphtha underneath to soften the adhesive at times to facilitate removal from delicate areas. This is less fussy.